On the one hand, tryptase is permanently released by the mast cells. This gives the basal concentration. Elevated levels of this basal concentration are found in mastocytosis and hematologic neoplasms. Elevated concentrations (>10 µg/l) are a risk factor for severe anaphylactic reactions, e.g. in the case of insect bites or intraoperatively.
In allergic reactions, an increased amount of tryptase is released into the blood as part of mast cell activation. Peak values are reached 30-90 minutes after the onset of the allergic reaction. The values then fall again within three to six hours (biological half-life is two hours). The normal range should be reached again 24 hours later. If the value is still elevated, the basal concentration should be checked a few days later.
Recommendation for sampling:
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- Collection: 15 minutes to three hours after the onset of symptoms
- Removal: after three to six hours
- Sampling after 24-48 hours to check the basal concentration